考研英语（二）阅读点石成金

全书共包括四大部分。第一部分是考研英语阅读理解Part A部分的整体解题策略；第二部分从真题中归纳出七种出题形式（细节题、是非判断题、例证题、语义题、推论题、态度题、主旨题）的；第三部分是近年真题的详解；第四部分是阅读理解Part B部分的解题策略与真题解析。本书有三大特色：一、具体 在真题答案的解析部分，不仅分析正确选项，还分析干扰选项的错误之处，帮助考生避免同类错误的再次发生。二、全面 段落解析中本书还列出文中出现的核心单词、重点词组，并对经典长难句进行了精析，这不仅可以强化对单词的掌握，也可以进一步加深长难句的理解。三、实用 在备考阶段，考生不能为做题而做题，更重要的是提高自己的综合能力。

考研英语(二)阅读命题分析

Unit One

Unit Two

Unit Three

Unit Four

Unit Five

Unit Six

Unit Seven

Unit Eight

Unit Nine

Unit Ten

Unit Eleven

Unit Twelve

Unit Thirteen

Unit Fourteen

Unit Fifteen

Unit Sixteen

Unit Seventeen

Unit Eighteen

Unit Nineteen

Unit Twenty

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2010年真题 Text Four

2011年真题 Text One

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2011年新题型

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The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, Beautiful Inside My Head Forever, at Sotheby’s in London on September 15th 2008. All but two pieces sold, fetching more than ￡70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last victory. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.

The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising bewilderingly since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm — double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.

In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirst’s sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector, they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world’s two biggest auction houses, Sotheby’s and Christie’s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.

The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more fluctuant. But Edward Dolman, Christie’s chief executive, says: “I’m pretty confident we’re at the bottom.”

What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds—death, debt and divorce—still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.

 

21. In the first paragraph, Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as “a last victory” because ____-.

  [A] the art market had witnessed a succession of victories

 [B] the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bids

 [C] Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpieces

 [D] it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis

22. By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable” (Para.3), the author suggests that_____ .

  [A] collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctions

 [B] people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleries

 [C] art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extent

 [D]. works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying

23. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

 [A] Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007 to 2008.

 [B] The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.

 [C] The market generally went downward in various ways.

 [D] Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.

24. The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are ____

 [A] auction houses ' favorites

 [B] contemporary trends

 [C]. factors promoting artwork circulation

 [D] styles representing impressionists

25. The most appropriate title for this text could be ___

  [A] Fluctuation of Art Prices

 [B] Up-to-date Art Auctions

 [C] Art Market in Decline

 [D] Shifted Interest in Arts

 

21. In the first paragraph, Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as “a last victory” because ____.

 [A] the art market had witnessed a succession of victories

 [B] the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bids

 [C] Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpieces

 [D] it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis

文章第一段中，赫斯特作品成功拍卖被比作艺术品市场交易的“最后一次胜利”是因为_______

[A]艺术品市场经历了一系列的成功交易

[B]拍卖人最终以高价得到了两件作品

[C]《我脑海中永存的美丽》赢得了所有的作品

[D]这次交易是在世界金融危机开始前完成的

【答案】D

题干已经告知答案来源，段尾句提示：As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy. 在赫斯特作品大卖同时，雷曼兄弟公司宣布破产，标志着世界经济开始走向衰退。因此D为正确答案。文章第一句话提及“这个持续时间最长的艺术品市场牛市”，这与A表述相同，但是特别注意这不是题干的原因。All but two pieces sold意思是所有的拍卖成功，除了两件作品，B与之相反。文中没有提过赫斯特作品与其它作品之间的比较，因此C为无中生有。

 

22. By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable” (Para.3), the author suggests that_____ .

 [A] collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctions

 [B] people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleries

 [C] art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extent

 [D] works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying

第三段作者说spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable是暗示______

[A]收藏家不再活跃于艺术品的拍卖活动

[B]人们取消任何花费并不再去画廊

[C]艺术收藏作为一种时尚很大程度上已经失去了吸引力

[D]艺术品大体上已经不再流行，因此这些作品不值得购买

【答案】A

语义题在解题过程中要注意，不可以用考查的原词解释原词。显然题干的可信考察点是deeply unfashionalbe，但是C、D两项颇具迷惑性，用原词fashion解释了原词，可以排除。根据所猜句子的后面内容In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. 与B选项后半部分一致，但是Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector, they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. 表明交易还是存在的，只是有所下降，可是B选项前半部分“停止了所有的花销”与文章不符。

 

23. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

 [A] Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007 to 2008.

 [B] The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.

 [C] The market generally went downward in various ways.

 [D] Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.

[A] 在2007-2008年间，当代艺术作品的交易量有巨大的下滑

[B] 艺术市场在市场推动力方面超过了其他行业

[C] 艺术品市场从多方面开始走下坡路

[D] 一些艺术品商人正等待更好的机会

【答案】B

本题信息零散，需要考生注意理解文章的具体信息。是非判断题解题中利用几个原则：1. 答案一般出自于没有出过题目的段落；2. 利用依次而下的原则寻找答案最有可能的段落；3. 关注选项中的明显考点，如数字、专有名词、绝对词、违背常理等。首先利用依次而下寻找第四段，首句就已经阐明了C的内容，最后一句引言表明D的内容。再利用2007和2008寻找到对应点在第二段和第三段，可知艺术市场在下降。文章第二段只说了The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising vertiginously since 2003.并没有说比别的行业更有势头冲劲。

 

24. The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are ____

 [A] auction houses ' favorites

 [B] contemporary trends

 [C] factors promoting artwork circulation

 [D] styles representing impressionists

最后一段提到三个D指的是______

[A]拍卖行的最爱

[B]当代的趋势

[C]促进艺术品流通的因素

[D]印象派画家的风格

【答案】C

根据最后一段3Ds之前的句子可知there are still buyers in the market; not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell当前缺少的不是对艺术品的需求，而是好卖的艺术品。这三个D的出现仍然帮助将好的艺术品释放到市场中，所以选C。ABD三项都是无中生有。

 

25. The most appropriate title for this text could be ___

这篇文章最合适的标题是_____

[A] 艺术品价格的波动

[B] 最新的艺术品拍卖

[C] 衰退中的艺术品市场

[D] 对艺术兴趣的转向

【答案】C

本文的主题词是艺术品市场，而不是艺术品价格、拍卖和艺术，所以答案很容易得出，只有C选项符合。

 

[1] The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, “Beautiful Inside My Head Forever”, at Sotheby’s in London on September 15th 2008. All but two pieces sold, fetching more than £70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last victory. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.

随着2008年9月15日在伦敦苏诺比拍卖行举行的《我脑海中永存的魅力》拍卖会上赫斯特的56件作品的出售，艺术市场一个世纪以来最长的一次顶峰划上一个戏剧性的终结。除了两件作品之外的其他作品都顺利拍出，创造了七千万美元的惊人销售佳绩，也创造了单个艺术家的销售记录。那是艺术界的最后一次胜利。就在拍卖师大声喊出报价时，纽约华尔街一家最具历史的银行——雷曼兄弟——申请破产。

bull n.牛；牛市 / fetch v. 售得 / file v.提出（申请）/ bankruptcy n. 破产

本句是一个简单句，只有end一个谓语动词，谓语部分后面是一系列的状语从分，“Beautiful Inside My Head Forever”是前面56 works的同位语。

 

[2] The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising bewilderingly since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm — double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.

自从2003年世界的艺术品市场经历急速攀升之后，有一段时间却逐渐失去了发展势头。艺术经济研究公司创办人克莱尔·麦克安德鲁认为，在2007年，世界艺术品市场的价值达到巅峰，价值650亿美元，为5年前的两倍。自2007年后，艺术市场的价值可能已经降至500亿美元。但是艺术品市场产生的利益远远超出它本身的规模，因为它集中了巨大的财富、自我意识、贪婪、激情和争议。从这个意义来说，很少有一项产业能与之相比。

momentum n.动力，要素 / bewilderingly adv.令人困惑的，急速地 / peak n. 顶峰 / reckon v. 估计，猜想/ generate v.产生 / far beyond远远超越 / enormous adj.巨大的 / ego n.自我 / greed n.贪婪/ passion n.激情 / controversy n.争论，矛盾，冲突

本句是because引导的原因状语从句，主从句的结构都是是主谓宾结构，从句的状语in a way后面接一个过去分词结构做后置定语。

 

[3] In the weeks and months that followed Mr. Hirst’s sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector, they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world’s two biggest auction houses, Sotheby’s and Christie’s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.

在赫斯特作品拍出之后的一段时间，任何艺术品的投资都变得不再流行。在艺术界，这就意味着收藏家不再光顾画廊和门市部。当代艺术品的销售量下降了三分之二，最热门的中国当代艺术品的销售量在2008年11月份降幅高达近百分之九十。几周之内，世界两家最大的拍卖行，苏诺比和克里斯蒂，必须支付近两亿美元去担保那些在他们那里进行销售的客户。

overheated adj. 过热的 / sector n. 部分，部门 / guarantee n.保证 / client n. 顾客，客户

句首是时间状语，主语后面是逗号结构的插入语，谓语是had to pay out，in guarantees to clients是目的状语，who引导定语从句修饰前面的名词。

 

[4] The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more fluctuant. But Edward Dolman, Christie’s chief executive, says: “I’m pretty confident we’re at the bottom.”

当前低迷的艺术品市场是自从1989年末日本人停止购买印象派作品以来最糟糕的一次。专家估算虽然艺术品价格一直很不稳定，但是这一次艺术品价格已经降至其高点时的百分之四十。但克里斯蒂的首席执行官爱德华·多尔蒙说：“我相信我们现在已经处于谷底。”

current adj.现在的，目前的/ downturn n.低迷时期 / fluctuant adj.波动的，起伏的

本句是though引导的让步状语从句，句首是时间状语，主语的谓语动词reckon后面接一个宾语从句。

 

[5] What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds — death, debt and divorce — still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.

他指出，与上一次大萧条不一样的是现在市场上还有买家。几乎每个接受这个特别报道采访的人都说，现在艺术品市场最大的问题并不是没有需求而是没有好的作品销售。“3D”艺术——死亡、债务和离婚——依然为市场提供艺术作品。但那些不一定非要去出售作品的人还是在远离市场，等待市场信心的回归。

slump n.下降，衰退 / interview v.采访 / lack of 缺少 / deliver v.传递

主语everyone后面是一个who引导的定语从句，谓语动词said后面接一个宾语从句，从句主语是the biggest problem，谓语部分是not…but…的典型结构。